Site Characteristics

Sunlight:

• full sun
• part shade

Dislikes intense sunlight. Keep plants growing in sun moist.

Soil conditions:

• requires well-drained soil

Prefers rich, moist but well-drained soil.

Hardiness zones:

• 3 to 8

Plant Traits

Lifecycle: perennial

Tends to be short-lived but reseeds readily.

Ease-of-care: easy

Height: 2 to 3 feet

Spread: 0.5 to 1 feet

Bloom time:

• mid-spring
• late spring
• early summer

Flower color:

• red
• yellow

Bi-colored with yellow petals and red spurs.

Foliage color: medium green

Foliage texture: medium

Shape: cushion, mound or clump

Shape in flower:

• flower stalks with upright spikes
• flower stalks with flowers hanging downward

Blooms dangle from erect, branching flower stems.

Special Considerations

Special characteristics:

• deer resistant
• aggressive - Self-seeds prolifically
• non-invasive
• native to North America - Native from Eastern Canada to southern and southwestern USA

Special uses:

• cut flowers - Cut when just open, soak almost entirely in warm water for 1 hour.
• dried flowers - The seed pods are attractive in dried arrangments.
• wildflowers
• naturalistic garden

Growing Information

Varieties